Alexandria, Egypt, often overshadowed by Cairo and Luxor, is a city steeped in Mediterranean charm, ancient wonders, and literary mystique. As the once-great capital of Greco-Roman Egypt and home to the legendary Lighthouse and Library of Alexandria, this coastal gem offers a compelling mix of history, culture, and seaside serenity. If you’re planning a visit, here are the top things to see in Alexandria Egypt.
Bibliotheca Alexandrina – A Modern Tribute to Ancient Knowledge
One of the top things to see in Alexandria Egypt is the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. This spectacular modern library is a tribute to the ancient Library of Alexandria, once the most famous library of the ancient world. Opened in 2002, it features a futuristic disc-shaped design overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.
Inside, you’ll find over eight million books, multiple museums, art galleries, a planetarium, and regular cultural events. The library is not only a center of learning but also a symbol of Alexandria’s revival as a beacon of intellectual life.
Citadel of Qaitbay – The Fortress on the Sea
The Citadel of Qaitbay is a must-see in Alexandria, built in 1477 on the exact location of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos). This imposing sea fortress was constructed by Sultan Al-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Qa’it Bay to defend against Ottoman invasions.
Today, visitors can walk along its ramparts, explore its internal chambers, and enjoy sweeping views of the Mediterranean. The Citadel is not only a historical site but also a romantic place to watch the sunset.
Catacombs of Kom el-Shoqafa – Underground Wonder
Among the most fascinating things to see in Alexandria Egypt are the Catacombs of Kom el-Shoqafa. Discovered in 1900, these underground tombs date back to the 2nd century AD and reveal a unique blend of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman cultural motifs.
Descending a spiral staircase, you’ll explore burial chambers, statues, and reliefs. Highlights include the Hall of Caracalla, believed to be a mass burial site for Roman soldiers. The catacombs are eerie, intricate, and among the best-preserved examples of their kind.
Roman Amphitheatre and Kom el-Dikka
Another significant archaeological site is the Roman Amphitheatre at Kom el-Dikka. Dating to the 2nd century AD, this semi-circular theatre once hosted musical performances and lectures.
Kom el-Dikka also features a residential area with Roman villas, elegant mosaic floors, and ancient baths. The combination of entertainment and domestic ruins makes this a rewarding stop for history lovers.
Pompey’s Pillar and the Serapeum
Pompey’s Pillar is a towering Roman column that dominates Alexandria’s skyline. Erected in honor of Emperor Diocletian around 298 AD, it stands 27 meters tall and is one of the largest ancient monoliths still standing.
Nearby are the ruins of the Serapeum, once a grand temple dedicated to Serapis, a Greco-Egyptian deity. The site is scattered with sphinx statues and underground chambers that provide insight into the city’s religious history.
Graeco-Roman Museum – Ancient Treasures
Reopened in 2023 after years of renovation, the Graeco-Roman Museum in Alexandria is a treasure trove of artifacts from the city’s Hellenistic and Roman periods.
It houses over 40,000 items including statues, pottery, coins, and everyday tools that showcase the fusion of Egyptian and Greco-Roman culture. Highlights include statues of Emperor Hadrian, Sarapis, and ancient funerary items.
Montaza Palace and Gardens
Montaza Palace is one of the most scenic things to see in Alexandria Egypt. This royal complex was built in the early 20th century by Khedive Abbas II and features a blend of Ottoman and Florentine architecture.
The surrounding gardens are perfect for leisurely strolls, picnics, and photography. With palm trees, flower beds, and sea breezes, Montaza is a peaceful escape from the city hustle.
Ras el-Tin Palace – A Glimpse into Royal Egypt
Located near the harbor, Ras el-Tin Palace is a historic residence that has served both royal families and modern presidents. Though not always open to the public, its exterior and location make it a worthwhile visit.
This palace has witnessed many political changes and was even the departure point for King Farouk when he was exiled in 1952.
The Alexandria Corniche
Stretching for miles along the Mediterranean coast, the Corniche is Alexandria’s bustling seaside promenade. It offers panoramic views, local cafes, street food, and cultural landmarks like the Unknown Soldier Memorial.
Sunset walks here are among the most relaxing things to do in Alexandria. It’s also a great way to observe everyday life and enjoy fresh sea air.
Anfushi Neighbourhood and Fish Market
Dive into local life in the Anfushi district, known for its seafood market, vibrant streets, and coastal eateries. This neighborhood offers a glimpse of authentic Alexandria, with old homes, fisherman culture, and delicious grilled fish.
Sidi Morsi Mosque and Cultural Landmarks
The Sidi Morsi Abu Al-Abbas Mosque is one of the most beautiful religious structures in Egypt. Built in the 13th century and renovated in the 20th, its domes and minarets dominate the skyline of the Anfushi area.
Other notable cultural spots include the Attarine Mosque (once a church) and the Royal Jewelry Museum.
Underwater Ruins of the Lighthouse
Recent underwater excavations have discovered remnants of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Massive stone blocks, statues, and architectural fragments lie submerged just off the coast.
Plans for an underwater museum are underway, which would allow divers and glass-bottom boat tours to experience these ruins firsthand.
Practical Tips for Visiting Alexandria Egypt
- Best Time to Visit: September to April is ideal due to mild weather.
- Getting Around: Taxis, microbuses, and ride-hailing apps like Uber are common.
- Dress Code: Modest dress is advisable, especially in religious areas.
- Entry Fees: Most sites charge between $3–5; combo tickets are available at some locations.
- Language: Arabic is the official language, but English is widely understood in tourist areas.
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FAQs
What are the main things to see in Alexandria Egypt?
Top attractions include the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Citadel of Qaitbay, Catacombs of Kom el-Shoqafa, and the Montaza Palace.
How many days do I need in Alexandria?
Two full days are enough to cover major highlights, though history enthusiasts may want more.
Is Alexandria safe to visit?
Yes, Alexandria is generally safe for tourists. As with any destination, stay alert and follow local advice.
When is the best time to visit Alexandria Egypt?
Autumn and spring (September to April) offer pleasant weather and fewer crowds.
Are entry fees expensive?
No, most attractions have affordable entry fees ranging from $3 to $5.
Conclusion
Alexandria is a city that blends history, culture, and sea breezes in a unique and captivating way. From ancient ruins to vibrant neighborhoods, there are countless things to see in Alexandria Egypt that make it worth a visit. Whether you’re a history buff, a photographer, or a curious traveler, Alexandria invites you to walk through the pages of time along the Mediterranean coast.